🔷 Step 1: Narration কী?

Narration হল অন্য একজনের কথা পুনরায় উপস্থাপন করার পদ্ধতি। এটি দুইভাবে হয়:

• Direct Speech: কথাটি হুবহু বলার সময় ব্যবহৃত হয়। ("") এর মধ্যে থাকে।
• Indirect Speech: কথাটি নিজের ভাষায়, ব্যাকরণগত রূপে পরিবর্তিত হয়ে বলা হয়।

🔁 Step 2: Reporting Verb দেখে Tense পরিবর্তন

• Reporting Verb যদি Present বা Future থাকে: Reported Speech-এর tense পরিবর্তন হয় না।
• Reporting Verb যদি Past হয়: Reported Speech-এর tense একধাপ Past হয়।

Example:
Direct: He said, "I go to school."
Indirect: He said that he went to school.

⏳ Step 3: Tense পরিবর্তনের ধাপ

• Present Indefinite → Past Indefinite
• Present Continuous → Past Continuous
• Present Perfect → Past Perfect
• Past Indefinite → Past Perfect
• Will/shall → Would/should
• Can → Could | May → Might

Example:
Direct: She said, "I am reading." → Indirect: She said that she was reading.

👤 Step 4: Pronoun পরিবর্তন

Subject/Object অনুযায়ী pronoun পরিবর্তন করতে হয়।

Example:
He said to me, "I will help you." → He told me that he would help me.

🕐 Step 5: Time ও Place পরিবর্তন

• today → that day
• tomorrow → the next day
• yesterday → the previous day
• now → then
• this → that | these → those
• here → there

🟩 Step 6: বাক্যের ধরন অনুযায়ী রূপান্তর

🔹 A. Assertive Sentence (বর্ণনামূলক)

Structure: said (that) + বাক্য

Example: He said, "I am ready." → He said that he was ready.

🔹 B. Interrogative Sentence (প্রশ্নবোধক)

Yes/No প্রশ্নে: asked if/whether

WH প্রশ্নে: asked + WH-word

Example:
She said, "Are you okay?" → She asked if I was okay.
He said, "Where do you live?" → He asked where I lived.

🔹 C. Imperative Sentence (আদেশ/নির্দেশ)

Structure: told/ordered/advised/asked + to/not to + verb

Example: He said, "Close the door." → He told me to close the door.

🔹 D. Exclamatory Sentence (আবেগসূচক)

Structure: exclaimed with joy/sorrow/wonder that...

Example: He said, "What a wonderful place!" → He exclaimed with wonder that it was a wonderful place.

🚀 Step 7: শর্টকার্ট মনে রাখার কৌশল

• Assertive: "that" দিয়ে
• Yes/No: "if/whether"
• WH: WH-word রেখে বাক্য
• Imperative: to/not to + verb
• Negative Imperative: not to + verb

📚 Step 8: অনুশীলনের উদাহরণ

• Direct: He said, "I am busy."
  Indirect: He said that he was busy.
• Direct: She said, "Can you help me?"
  Indirect: She asked me if I could help her.
• Direct: He said, "Don't waste time."
  Indirect: He told me not to waste time.
• Direct: They said, "Hurrah! We won."
  Indirect: They exclaimed with joy that they had won.

✅ পরামর্শ: প্রতিদিন এই নিয়ম ও উদাহরণগুলো চর্চা করলে Narration খুব সহজ হয়ে যাবে!